linux yum command
yum (Yellow dog Updater, Modified) Shell is a front-end package manager Fedora and RedHat and SUSE in.
RPM-based package management, can be automatically downloaded from the specified server RPM package and installed, it can automatically handle dependency relationship, and install all of the software packages rely on, again and again without cumbersome downloads and installation.
yum provides search, install, remove one, or all of a set of packages command, and command concise and easy to remember.
yum Syntax
yum [options] [command] [package /en.]
- options: options, options -h (help), - y (When the installation process prompts you to select all of the "yes"), - q (not displayed during the installation process) and so on.
- command: operations to be carried out.
- Object package operation.
yum common commands
- 1. List all updatable software inventory command: yum check-update
- 2. Update all software command: yum update
- 3. Install only the specified software command: yum install <package_name>
- 4. Only the specified software update Command: yum update <package_name>
- 5. List all the installed software inventory command: yum list
- 6. Remove the package commands: yum remove <package_name>
- 7. Find the package command: yum search <keyword>
- 8. Clear the cache command:
- yum clean packages: Package Clear the cache directory
- yum clean headers: Clear headers cache directory
- yum clean oldheaders: clear the cache directory under the old headers
- yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders): purge packages and old headers cache directory
Example 1
Install pam-devel
[root@www ~]# yum install pam-devel Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies <==先检查软件的属性相依问题 --> Running transaction check ---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: pam = 0.99.6.2-4.el5 for package: pam-devel --> Running transaction check ---> Package pam.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 1.6 MB 00:05 filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 138 kB 00:00 -> Finished Dependency Resolution ……(省略)
Example 2
Remove pam-devel
[root@www ~]# yum remove pam-devel Setting up Remove Process Resolving Dependencies <==同样的,先解决属性相依的问题 --> Running transaction check ---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Removing: pam-devel i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 installed 495 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 0 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 1 Package(s) <==还好,并没有属性相依的问题,单纯移除一个软件 Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Erasing : pam-devel ######################### [1/1] Removed: pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 Complete!
Example 3
Features use yum to find software to pam beginning with the name of what?
[root@www ~]# yum list pam* Installed Packages pam.i386 0.99.6.2-3.27.el5 installed pam_ccreds.i386 3-5 installed pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-1 installed pam_passwdqc.i386 1.0.2-1.2.2 installed pam_pkcs11.i386 0.5.3-23 installed pam_smb.i386 1.1.7-7.2.1 installed Available Packages <==底下则是『可升级』的或『未安装』的 pam.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base pam-devel.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-10 base
Domestic yum source
NetEase (163) yum source is one of the best domestic yum source, both speed and software version, are very good.
The yum source is set to 163 yum, install and update software packages can enhance the speed, while avoiding some of the common version of the software can not be found.
installation steps
First backup /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
Download the corresponding version repo files into /etc/yum.repos.d/ (please make the appropriate backup before proceeding)
- CentOS5 : HTTP: //mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo
- CentOS6 : HTTP: //mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
Run the following command to generate the cache
yum clean all yum makecache
In addition to NetEase, there are other good yum domestic sources, such as USTC and Sohu.
USTC yum source Installation view: https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centos
sohu the yum source installation methods View: http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/centos