The best JSP Standard Tag Library (JSTL) Tutorial In 2024, In this tutorial you can learn JSTL library installation,Core tags,Formatting tags,SQL tag,XML tags,JSTL function,
JSP Standard Tag Library (JSTL) is a collection of JSP tags, which encapsulates core functionality common JSP applications.
JSTL support for generic, structured tasks such as iteration, conditional, XML document manipulation, internationalization tags, SQL tags. In addition to these, it provides a framework to use the JSTL custom tag integration.
According to the functionality provided by JSTL tags, it can be divided into five categories.
Apache Tomcat installation JSTL library as follows:
Downloaded from the Apache standard tag library binary package (jakarta-taglibs-standard-current.zip).
Download jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2.zip pack and unpack the two jar files jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2 / lib / under: Copy standard.jar and jstl.jar files to / WEB-INF / lib / under.
Next, we add the following configuration in the web.xml file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <jsp-config> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/fmt.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt-rt</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/fmt-rt.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/core</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/c.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/core-rt</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/c-rt.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/sql</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/sql.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/sql-rt</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/sql-rt.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/x</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/x.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jstl/x-rt</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/x-rt.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> </jsp-config> </web-app>
Use any library, you must head in each JSP file contains the <taglib> tag.
Core tags are the most commonly used JSTL tags. Core tag library reference syntax is as follows:
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
label | description |
---|---|
<c: out> | For displaying data in a JSP, like <% = /en.> |
<c: set> | For holding data |
<c: remove> | For deleting data |
<c: catch> | To handle error exception condition, and an error message store |
<c: if> | And if we are in the same general procedure used |
<c: choose> | Itself only as <c: when> and <c: otherwise> parent tag |
<c: when> | <C: choose> sub-tab is used to determine whether the conditions established |
<c: otherwise> | <C: choose> sub-tab, then in <c: when> tag after, when <c: when> tag is judged as false is executed |
<c: import> | Retrieving an absolute or relative URL, and then exposed to the contents page |
<c: forEach> | Iterative label basis, accept a variety of collection types |
<c: forTokens> | According to the specified delimiter to separate content and iterative output |
<c: param> | It used to contain or redirect the page to pass parameters |
<c: redirect> | Redirected to a new URL. |
<c: url> | Use the optional query parameters to create a URL |
JSTL formatting tags to format and output text, date, time, number. Formatting tag library reference syntax is as follows:
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
label | description |
---|---|
<fmt: formatNumber> | Using the specified format or precision digital format |
<fmt: parseNumber> | Resolve a representative of the number, currency, or percentage of a string |
<fmt: formatDate> | Using the specified style or pattern format date and time |
<fmt: parseDate> | Parsing a string representing the date or time |
<fmt: bundle> | Binding Resources |
<fmt: setLocale> | Region |
<fmt: setBundle> | Binding Resources |
<fmt: timeZone> | Specify the time zone |
<fmt: setTimeZone> | Specify the time zone |
<fmt: message> | Displays the resource profile information |
<fmt: requestEncoding> | Set the character encoding of the request |
JSTL SQL tag library provides a relational database (Oracle, MySQL, SQL Server, etc.) interact label. SQL syntax reference tag library as follows:
<%@ taglib prefix="sql" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" %>
label | description |
---|---|
<sql: setDataSource> | Specify the data source |
<sql: query> | Run SQL query |
<sql: update> | Run SQL update statement |
<sql: param> | The SQL statement parameter to the specified value |
<sql: dateParam> | The SQL statement to the specified date parameter java.util.Date object value |
<sql: transaction> | Provided nested in a shared database connection database behavioral elements, all statements in the form of a transaction to run |
JSTL XML tag library provides tags to create and manipulate XML documents. XML tag library reference syntax is as follows:
<%@ taglib prefix="x" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/xml" %>
Before using xml tag, you have to XML and XPath related packages copied to your <Tomcat installation directory> \ under lib:
Download: http://www.apache.org/dist/xerces/j/
Download: http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/index
label | description |
---|---|
<x: out> | And <% = /en.>, similar, but only for XPath expressions |
<x: parse> | Parsing XML data |
<x: set> | Setting XPath expression |
<x: if> | Analyzing XPath expression, if it is true, then the body of the content or Skip body |
<x: forEach> | Iterative XML document nodes |
<x: choose> | <X: when> and <x: otherwise> parent tag |
<x: when> | <X: choose> child tag to be evaluated |
<x: otherwise> | <X: choose> child tag when <x: when> judged as false when executed |
<x: transform> | The XSL transformations in an XML document |
<x: param> | And <x: transform> are used together to set the XSL style sheet |
JSTL includes a series of standard functions, most of which are generic string handling functions. JSTL library reference syntax is as follows:
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
function | description |
---|---|
fn: contains () | Test whether the input string contains the specified substring |
fn: containsIgnoreCase () | Test whether the input string contains the specified substring, case-insensitive |
fn: endsWith () | Test whether the input string ends with the specified suffix |
fn: escapeXml () | Skip as XML markup characters |
fn: indexOf () | Returns the position of the specified string that appears in the input string |
fn: join () | The synthesis of elements in the array and outputs a string |
fn: length () | Returns the string length |
fn: replace () | The location specified in the input string to replace the specified string and then returns |
fn: split () | The strings are separated by the specified separator and then the formation of a sub-string array and returns |
fn: startsWith () | Test whether the input string starts with the specified prefix |
fn: substring () | Returns a subset of a string |
fn: substringAfter () | Returns a string in the subset of the specified substring after |
fn: substringBefore () | Returns a string subset before the specified substring |
fn: toLowerCase () | The string of characters to lowercase |
fn: toUpperCase () | The characters in a string to uppercase |
fn: trim () | Remove the first whitespace |